Let's look at the sentence pattern. |
Do you remember how the character said, |
"He was very curious and talked nonstop about sports." |
Era muy curioso y hablaba sin parar sobre deportes. |
Era muy curioso y hablaba sin parar sobre deportes. |
This sentence follows the pattern here:. |
verb in imperfect + description or repeated action |
In Spanish, we use the imperfect tense to talk about how someone or something was over a period of time. We use it to describe personality, habits, repeated actions, and situations in the past. |
Let's take a look at how the verbs ser, estar, and tener work in the imperfect. |
Here are the conjugations for the verbs ser, estar, and tener in the imperfect tense: |
yo – era, estaba, tenía |
meaning: "I was", "I was", "I had" |
tú – eras, estabas, tenías |
meaning: "you were", "you were", "you had" |
él or ella – era, estaba, tenía |
meaning: "he was" or "she was", "he/she was", "he/she had" |
nosotros – éramos, estábamos, teníamos |
meaning: "we were", "we were", "we had" |
vosotros – erais, estabais, teníais |
meaning: "you all were", "you all were", "you all had" |
ellos or ellas – eran, estaban, tenían |
meaning: "they were", "they were", "they had" |
We use ser to describe someone's personality or identity, |
estar to describe physical or emotional states, |
and tener to describe things like age, physical conditions, and what people had. |
Now let's go back to the example sentence. |
Era muy curioso y hablaba sin parar sobre deportes. |
"He was very curious and talked nonstop about sports." |
Era, which means "he was" |
This is the imperfect form of ser. It describes what kind of person he was. |
muy curioso – meaning "very curious" |
This tells us about his personality. |
y – meaning "and" |
hablaba – which means "he talked" or "he used to talk" |
That's the imperfect form of hablar. It shows a repeated or ongoing action in the past. |
sin parar – meaning "nonstop" |
sobre deportes – meaning "about sports" |
So this sentence uses the imperfect to show both a past personality and a habit. |
Now you know how to use the imperfect forms of ser, estar, and tener to talk about what someone or something was like in the past. |
In the next examples, you'll see how to use these forms in even more real-life situations. |
Now let's look at some speaking examples. |
De niña, era muy tranquila y me gustaba leer cuentos. |
"As a child, I was very calm and liked reading stories." |
Can you see how the pattern applies here? |
Let's break it down: |
de niña – meaning "as a child" |
This gives us the time reference, showing we're talking about the past. |
era, which means "I was" |
This is the imperfect form of the verb ser. It describes a past state or personality trait. |
muy tranquila – meaning "very calm" |
An adjective phrase describing the speaker's personality. |
me gustaba – meaning "I liked" |
This is the imperfect of gustar. It shows a repeated or ongoing preference in the past. |
leer cuentos – meaning "reading stories" |
Tells us what she liked to do. |
This sentence uses the imperfect to describe how someone was and what they liked doing in the past. |
Here's another example: |
En verano, mi familia estaba siempre en la playa. |
"In summer, my family was always at the beach." |
En verano, mi familia estaba siempre en la playa. |
"In summer, my family was always at the beach." |
Let's try one more: |
Cuando vivíamos en el pueblo, teníamos una casa con jardín. |
"When we lived in the village, we had a house with a garden." |
Cuando vivíamos en el pueblo, teníamos una casa con jardín. |
"When we lived in the village, we had a house with a garden." |
Another one: |
Mi mejor amigo era muy divertido y contaba chistes todo el tiempo. |
"My best friend was very funny and told jokes all the time." |
Mi mejor amigo era muy divertido y contaba chistes todo el tiempo. |
"My best friend was very funny and told jokes all the time." |
One last example: |
Antes, estaba en un club de ajedrez y jugaba cada semana. |
"I used to be in a chess club and played every week." |
Antes, estaba en un club de ajedrez y jugaba cada semana. |
"I used to be in a chess club and played every week." |
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