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| ¿Qué estás viendo? |
| Oye, te gusta mucho Andrea, ¿verdad? |
| No, me gusta muchísimo. Mira qué hermosa es. |
| Está linda. |
| 111, 111, 113… ¡Ay, Efra! ¡Qué bueno que ya llegaste! Mira, es tu turno, ok. ¡Sale! ¡Diez, diez repeticiones! |
| ¡Cien! ¡Cien! |
| Ok. |
| ¡Vamos! ¿Uno? |
| ¡Está pesadísimo! |
| Ok, tienes toda la razón. Mejor… |
| ¡Pesadísimo! |
| …ok, intenta con esta pesa. |
| Ok. |
| Uno. |
| ¡Está pesado! |
| Ok. Bien. Quizás… quizás después. |
| Ok. |
| Hey, how are you there, guys? So, as you may [have] heard, we said “mucho” and “muchísimo”. And also we said “pesado” and “pesadísimo”. So, what is the difference between using these words: “mucho”, “muchísimo”; “pesado”, “pesadísimo”? So, in this video, we’re going to check when to use “-ísimo” in the adjectives. When to use it and how to use it. |
| As you might know, my name is Diego. |
| And I'm Efraín. |
| So, enjoy this video. |
| Okay, my friends from SpanishPod101.com. Let’s get started. So, the suffix -ísimo or, for feminine, -ísima is basically the Latin suffix for expressing the superlative. It is normally appended in some adjectives. Some adjetivos calificativos, okay? To make or to form the superlative. And superlativo. Superlativo significa… |
| ¡Oh! Yo sé qué significa: el grado más alto o la mayor intensidad de la cualidad que se expresa. |
| Or, in other words, when you add the suffix -ísimo or -ísima, for the feminine, what you are doing is, you are making the adjective more intense. You're making the adjective stronger. So, it’s not the same when you say “pesado”, which is the quality of the characteristic, than saying “pesadísimo”. |
| Yeah! |
| Yeah. And we have eight rules for when to use and how to use -ísimo. And we’re going to start telling you right now. |
| So, the first one is, when you have and adjective that ends with -l, -r and -z you just have to add the suffix. That’s it. For example: fácil, facilísimo. Like this. |
| Very easy. |
| Fácil. Facilísimo. |
| Okay. |
| (laugh) |
| Es facilísimo. |
| Es facilísimo. Okay. The next one. Feroz, ferocísimo. But look at this. |
| Okay so, when you have a -z at the end of your adjective you have to change it to a -c. Okay, so in this example, feroz, ferozísimo. The next one, popular, popularísimo. |
| Nice, so it ends in -r, so you just need to add -ísimo. |
| Yeah. |
| Okay, very good. But be careful because we have an exception and that's when the additives ends in -or. |
| Okay. |
| Such as “mayor”. It ends in -or. |
| But in this case you just need to add a -c and then the suffix. Therefore “mayor” you will change it to “mayorcísimo”. The next rule is when the adjective ends in a non-tonic vowel… what is a tonic vowel, by the way? |
| I don't know. |
| So, a tonic vowel is a vowel that is stressed, that is, it sounds stronger than a previous one. That's a tonic vowel. |
| Okay. |
| Okay. So when an adjective ends in a non-tonic vowel, you just need to drop that vowel and just add -ísimo or -isima. |
| Okay. |
| Such as “listo”, you drop the -o and then you say “listísimo”. Or “dulce”, okay, sweet. “Dulce”, “dulcísimo”, okay. What about “cursi”? Well, “cursi” is an exception because you cannot say “cursísimo”. But rather you say “cursilísimo”. It's just an exception. |
| So the next one: when an adjective ends with an -n, you just have to add -c before the suffix. Let me give you two examples. Joven, jovencísimo. Jovencísimo. The next one: bribón, bribonsísimo. Bribonsísimo. |
| Very good. Okay. |
| The next one, is continuing with the tonic vowels, when an adjective ends in a tonic vowel (that is a vowel that sounds stressed) the superlative with -ísimo cannot be used. |
| Cool. |
| For example, take into account this word: “carmesí”. “Carmesí”, like the color, “carmesí”. So it ends in a tonic vowel. You cannot say “carmesísimo”. Sounds kind of weird. So, how would you form the superlative in these cases? So, you just need to add “muy” at the beginning, okay. So you don't say “carmesísimo”, but rather “muy carmesí”, okay? |
| Okay. So the next one: When the adjective ends with non-tonic groups, for example, -ue, uo, and ua… |
| Yeah, the diphthongs. |
| Aha, the diphthongs. You had it better. Okay. The last vowel is eliminated. |
| You drop the last vowel, nice. |
| So for example, “tenue”, “tenuisímo”. |
| The next rule is the adjectives that end in the diphthong -io or -ia. When you add the suffix, you need to lose both, both vowels. So for example, you can say “amplio”. Amplio, amplísimo. You see? You drop the diphthong, -io. |
| The next one: adjectives ending with hiatus. What is a hiatus? They are diphthongs with accent marks, like i, accent mark o (ío); i, accent mark a (ía). They lose their last vowel. |
| Interesting. |
| Yeah. So for example: “frío”. You take off the -o, friísimo. Fría, friísima. |
| Nice, very good. Okay. The last role is the following: so, when you have in a word included the diphthong “ue”, okay, or also the diphthong “ie”, that is in the middle of the word, not at the end, but in the middle of the word. So, you are going to take the Latin root of the word and then just add -ísimo. |
| Let's see three examples here, very interesting, okay? So we have the first one: “fuerte”. Fuerte, okay? |
| So “fuerte” has the diphthong ue in the middle: ue. So it takes the Latin root and you drop the ie at the end, okay, according to the standard rules. Therefore, you will say “fortísimo”. Fortísimo. |
| The next one: “cierto”. Cierto. It ends in a vowel, but it has the diphthong ie in the middle. Cierto. You will say “certísimo” because cer is the Latin root of “cierto”. Interesting, okay? Or for example, “caliente”. “Caliente” has the diphthong ie in the middle and it ends as well in a vowel. So you take the Latin root and you say “calentísimo”. Calentísimo. |
| Okay, but, however, don't worry about this, because Spanish speakers usually use the standard version of these ones. For example, instead of saying “fortísimo”, they usually say “fuertísimo”. |
| Interesting. |
| And both of them are accepted, like the next one: “ciertísimo”. |
| Ah, that's also… instead of “certísimo”, “ciertísimo”. That's correct. |
| Both are correct.Or the last one: “calentísimo”... no, they usually say “calentísimo”. |
| Yeah, both terms are accepted. They are correct. Very good. So, hopefully guys, this is not confusing for you, but even if at the end you say, “oh my God, Diego, Efraín, these rules are so difficult to retain, to memorize… So, we have a good alternative and good news for you guys, why? Because there is another word for forming a superlative, a superlative. What is that form? Well, instead of just learning all these rules, you will usually find that in some conversations we normally have -ísimo or -ísima in some cases, such as “mucho”, we say “muchísimo”; “mucha”, “muchísima”... or we just want to express high quality. However, you can also use “muy” before the adjective, and it's basically the same. |
| “Frío”, “friísimo” is the same as “muy frío”. |
| “Calentísimo” is the same as “muy caliente”. |
| Muy caliente. |
| Muy caliente. Okay, or “ferocísimo” is the same as “muy feroz“. |
| And i was thinking, like… |
| What is..? |
| Same as what? That's it for today, my beautiful friends of SpanishPod101.com. Please, give us your like down there, share this video with other learners, write your comments down there, and please subscribe to this beautiful channel, so you can know when we upload a new video. |
| That's correct my friends from SpanishPod101.com. So, see you later guys. |
| Hasta luego. |
| ¡Va!. ¿Listo, Efra? |
| Uno. Dos. Tres. |
| Espérame. A mi ritmo. |
| Vamos. |
| (Ugh) |
| Okay. |
| No… no, Diego. Llámale a la ambulancia, creo que es un calambre… |
| (hahaha) |
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