Lesson Transcript

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Diego, das pena ajena.
¿Por qué?
Estás leyendo el libro al revés.
Ah, no. Lo que pasa es que antiér tomé un curso sobre leer al revés y aprendí que es más benéfico para tu inteligencia.
Wow. Muy atinado tu comentario.
Hello my beautiful friends from SpanishPod101.com, as you might know, my name is Diego.
And I’m Efraín.
And in today’s video we’re going to learn some words that exist in Spanish and you wish existed in English, such as the ones that we used in this very brief conversation. So, enjoy this video!
So we know that every language has its uniqueness. And talking about Spanish, it has some words that are not easily translatable into English. They may be in another language, but in English it is very difficult. So you might find a close meaning, but it doesn't really convey what we are really trying to say. Because Spanish words have a nuance that make it different. So, let's see one of these words. One of these words is “pena ajena.” A word that we used before.
Claro.
And pena ajena could be translated as the shame felt for actions done by someone else. That's pena ajena. So it's very large in English, right?
Okay.
But that's pena ajena. So you have this in German and that's Framsham. But in English it's like that, like shame felt for actions done by someone else. Like what I did, I was reading backwards and Efraín was like, hey, eso da pena ajena. I feel shame because of that.
O, imagínate que se me cayeran los pantalones en frente de todo el salón.
Eso a mí me daría mucha pena ajena. Mucha.
So the next word is “antier.” And it means the day before yesterday, right? So for example, “Antier tuve un sueño grandioso, soñé que podía volar y ayer solo soñé que me tropezaba.”
Okay. That's weird.
So you might need to say that in English, like the day before yesterday I had a great
dream. It sounds very long, right? Like yeah.
Antier.
It's just better just antier. Antier. Very good.
Okay guys. Another word that we use is “atinar.” And I like this word a lot because atinar is to get it right, to guess right, or even in the example that we use, it's like, “Hey, tu comentario es muy atinado.” It means like the comment hit the nail on the head, which means that it is correct. It is like, yeah, you hit the point, you hit it. So that's basically atinar, when you guess something right, like for example, “Efraín, adivina, ¿cuántos años tengo?”
Veintiséis.
Le atinaste. You got it right. So obviously you know, man, but that's just a silly example.
Le atiné.
So the next one is “enchilar.” And enchilar has many meanings. The first of them is to spice food up with chili. Okay. For example, in Mexico we like to spice food up with chili. En México nos gusta enchilar la comida.
Sí, claro.
So, another one is the action that the food makes your mouth, makes your mouth burn or
sting.
Yeah, that's correct.
Yeah. So, for example, este dulce me enchila. Of course, if you are not used to chili…
Yeah, that happens.
Yep.
That happens.
So the next one is an adjective, yo estoy enchilado.
Enchilado. So you can use that adjective, enchilado. What does that mean?
So it is, it is when you already ate the food and your mouth burns or stings.
So when I eat this, I can say estoy enchilado.
Estoy enchilado.
Ah, nice. Very good. Nice.
Okay, guys. So the next one is a set of words. It's not only one, but it's a set of words and that's “manco, tuerto and cojo.” I don't know why in Spanish we have like these words, but they refer to a person who's missing a part of his body.
Yep.
So in the case of manco is a person who's missing an arm. So that's a manco. Then we have also tuerto, which is a person who's missing one eye, un tuerto, like a pirate. So it's like a pirate is basically un tuerto. And also we have cojo. And cojo is a person who's missing a leg. So I don't know why we have this word, but it's once again, we have manco, tuerto and cojo.
Cool.
The next word is “tocayo.” And tocayo is someone that has the same name as you, okay?
And as far as we know, there is a word in English that is namesake, but, in the States at least, you can only use this word to refer to someone that you were intentionally named after.
Okay.
Okay, so, in United Kingdom, it might be different, but let's use this word in some context. You can know the meaning. For example, I found Diego in a party. Hey, ¿cómo te llamas?
Yo soy Diego.
¡Somos tocayos!
¿Sí?
¿Tú también eres Diego?
¡Sí!
¡Oh, tocayo!
¡Tocayo!
Él es mi tocayo.
Okay, guys, so, the next word is empalagar. And empalagar is a very strange word because it means when you are getting sick because of the sweet. When you are eating, for example, too many candies, we can say that “los dulces empalagan.” So, they make you feel sick because they are very sweet. So, that's the meaning that everyone or many, many viewers might know.
However, there is also another meaning of empalagar and that applies to people in general.
Because, for example, if someone is besides you all the time, like he or she is with you
all the time, it's like, hey, me estás empalagando, me estás empalagando. It's like, come on, give me some space.
Yeah.
So, that means like you are fedding me up, basically. Okay? So, you're kind of disturbing me because of your constant presence. I don't know how to say that in English, but me estás empalagando. That's empalagar as well.
The next word is “provecho,” and it has many meanings. Take benefit of your food, take advantage of your food.
Yeah. Or even profit your food.
Yeah.
Or even enjoy your meal.
Enjoy your meal.
But we have also, well, French has its equivalent.
Yeah.
The equivalent in French is bon appétit.
Now that you have these meanings, now you have to learn how to use this word. So, when you get into a restaurant, you can say to everyone, provecho. Yep. Or when you have your neighbor on the next table, well, not your neighbor, that person on the next table, you can say, provecho.
That's right.
Or when you are about to eat, you can say, hey, provecho.
So, you say provecho basically every time someone is eating and you are close to him
or her.
Yeah, but…
It's when you wish the other to enjoy his meal.
Yeah.
Okay, so, that's provecho.
Even you can substitute the goodbye in a restaurant and you can take everything and say, hey, provecho everyone.
Okay. That's a nice one. That's a very nice one. Okay. Very good.
So, let's proceed to the other one. And the other one is one word that I like a lot and that's “convivir.” Why? Because convivir in English could be, the closest meaning could be coexist.
But also it has another meaning and that's to spend time with. However, I will include another, another synonym, which is to have fun with. Okay, so, or to enjoy the time with.
Oh, that's better.
So, we have wrote a huge variety of meanings of this word and convivir synthesizes all of these only with one verb and that's convivir. So, for example, convivir could be coexist. Like, “En este ecosistema, muchas especies animales conviven.” Like in this ecosystem, many species of animals coexist. So, but convivir is also when you go to a party and you say, “¿Sabes qué? Mañana tengo una fiesta y van a ir muchos amigos, vamos a convivir.
Vamos.
It’s like let's go and spend time with them, let's have fun with them, let's enjoy our time
there. That's convivir, very useful verb.
Okay, so, the next word is apapachar. I really like this word because it means to spoil, to pamper.
To pamper.
Or to cuddle, All at the same time. Okay.
All at the same time.
For example, mi mamá me apapacha cuando yo estoy enfermo.
Oh, really?
Yeah.
She does that?
Like mine, for example, si yo estoy enfermo ella hace un caldo de pollo.
And that is also apapachar.
Yeah, because that's a spoil, right?
So, mi madre me apapacha, means that she comes to me and she's like, hey, come on, come on.
Eat the soup.
Here, eat the soup. Eat it. Eat it. And come, come. And she hugs me. She cuddles me. Oh, yeah. Okay. That's apapachar. Or a girlfriend, could also.
For sure.
Apapachar, right?
Okay. Nice.
That's it for today, my friends of SpanishPod101.com. We are really happy that you've watched us through this video. Please share this video with other learners, give us your thumbs up, write your comments down below, and subscribe to this beautiful channel. See you in our next video.
See you guys.
Hasta luego.

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