Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Javier: Hola soy Javier.
Jessie: And I’m Jessie - A missing handbag in Spain. In this lesson, you will learn how to use adjectives in Spanish such as old and new.
Javier: Where does this conversation take place?
Jessie: This conversation takes place at a language school.
Javier: And who is the conversation between?
Jessie: The conversation is between Christina and Aya, two friends from language school. Christina is looking for her bag and Aya is helping her.
Javier: Escuchemos la conversación.
Jessie: Let’s listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
1. CHRISTINA: ¿Dónde está mi bolso? (hablando para ella misma)
2. AYA: ¿Cómo es?
3. CHRISTINA: Es rojo y grande.
4. AYA: ¿Es nuevo?
5. CHRISTINA: No, es bastante viejo.
Jessie: Now let’s hear it one time slowly.
1. CHRISTINA: ¿Dónde está mi bolso? (hablando para ella misma)
2. AYA: ¿Cómo es?
3. CHRISTINA: Es rojo y grande.
4. AYA: ¿Es nuevo?
5. CHRISTINA: No, es bastante viejo.
Jessie: And now with the translation.
1. CHRISTINA: ¿Dónde está mi bolso? (hablando para ella misma)
1. CHRISTINA: Where is my bag? (talking to herself)
2. AYA: ¿Cómo es?
2. AYA: What is it like? (literally, How is it?)
3. CHRISTINA: Es rojo y grande.
3. CHRISTINA: It's red and big.
4. AYA: ¿Es nuevo?
4. AYA: Is it new?
5. CHRISTINA: No, es bastante viejo.
5. CHRISTINA: No, it's pretty old.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Javier: Jessie, did you see yesterday’s match?
Jessie: Ah the soccer match, yes but just a little bit. Spain played right?
Javier: Yes, we wear - la roja
Jessie: la roja?
Javier: Yes, it means something like the Red One, that’s what the Spanish National sports teams are called.
Jessie: Really. I didn’t know that, why is that? Any explanation?
Javier: Not really. The Spanish National teams always wear Red uniforms. I think it’s because it’s the main color of the Spanish flag. So because of that, Spain is associated with the color red and their sports teams are called La Roja
Jessie: La Roja, The Red Ones. Interesting, thanks for that bit of information. Alright, now let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
VOCAB LIST
Jessie: The first word is
Javier: dónde
Jessie: Where
Javier: dón-de, dónde
Jessie: Next is
Javier: estar
Jessie: To be
Javier: es-tar, estar
Jessie: Next we have
Javier: bolso
Jessie: Bag
Javier: bol-so, bolso
Jessie: Next is
Javier: cómo
Jessie: How
Javier: có-mo, cómo
Jessie: Next is
Javier: rojo
Jessie: Red
Javier: ro-jo, rojo
Jessie: Next we have
Javier: grande
Jessie: Big
Javier: gran-de, grande
Jessie: Next is
Javier: viejo, vieja
Jessie: Old
Javier: vi-e-jo, vi-e-ja, viejo, vieja
Jessie: Next is
Javier: nuevo, nueva
Jessie: New
Javier: nu-e-vo, nu-e-va, nuevo, nueva
Jessie: Last is
Javier: bastante
Jessie: A lot, too much, quite.
Javier: bas-tan-te, bastante
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Jessie: Let’s take a closer look at some of the vocab and phrases from this lesson. The first one we will look at is
Javier: dónde
Jessie: Where just like in English, it’s used for questions such as
Javier: ¿Dónde estás?
Jessie: Where are you?
Javier: ¿Dónde está el baño?
Jessie: Where is the bathroom? All right, what’s the next one we will look at?
Javier: cómo
Jessie: How and this is another Spanish question word.
Javier: ¿Cómo voy a Madrid?
Jessie: Literally how do I go to Madrid meaning, how can I get to Madrid?
Javier: It’s also used to ask ¿Cómo estás?
Jessie: How are you? but be careful because this word can have other translations. For example
Javier: ¿Cómo te llamas?
Jessie: What’s your name? In this case, ‘What’ is the most accurate translation. All right, and the last one?
Javier: rojo
Jessie: Red.
Javier: This is the masculine version of the adjective but we also have - roja, meaning also red but for feminine nouns.
Jessie: For example
Javier: Coche roja.
Jessie: Red car.
Javier: Moto roja.
Jessie: Red motorcycle. Okay, on to the Grammar Point.

Lesson focus

Jessie: The focus of this lesson is the use of adjectives in Spanish
Javier: Such as, Un bolso nuevo
Jessie: A new bag
Javier: Or, Una casa vieja.
Jessie: An old house. Let’s see how they work. As in English, an adjective is a descriptive word that modifies a noun. As we’ve seen before with other words, adjectives have to agree with the noun they are describing in gender and number. The rules for the feminine and masculine forms are the same ones we saw in previous lessons. If the adjective ends in O, we just need to change that O to an A and we have the feminine form. For example, let’s take the adjective Red.
Javier: rojo
Jessie: Masculine
Javier: roja
Jessie: Feminine. How about the adjective new?
Javier: nuevo
Jessie: Masculine
Javier: nueva
Jessie: Feminine and the adjective old.
Javier: viejo
Jessie: Masculine
Javier: vieja
Jessie: Feminine. Okay here is another rule. Adjectives that end in: an, in, on or dor, in the masculine form just need to have an A added at the end for the feminine form. For example, the word enchanting is
Javier: encantador
Jessie: Masculine
Javier: encantadora
Jessie: Feminine. The word hard working is
Javier: trabajador
Jessie: Masculine
Javier: trabajadora
Jessie: Feminine. Okay let’s talk about plurals. If the adjective ends in a vowel, we just add a final S. For example, the word tall
Javier: alto
Jessie: This is masculine singular
Javier: altos
Jessie: Masculine plural
Javier: alta
Jessie: Feminine singular
Javier: altas
Jessie: Feminine plural and if the adjective ends in a consonant a final ES will be added to form the pleural. For example, the adjective meaning easy
Javier: fácil
Jessie: Becomes
Javier: faciles
Jessie: Great. Oh and there is something really important I want to point out.
Javier: What’s that?
Jessie: Well we have to be careful because there is a difference in the order of the noun and adjective compared to English. For example, the phrase - The red car, in English would be
Javier: El coche rojo.
Jessie: Right. In English, we have the adjective before the noun but in Spanish, the adjective comes after the noun.
Javier: Exactly. So please try not to make a mistake.
Jessie: Now let’s take an adjective and look at all of its forms.
Javier: Sure let’s choose the word - nuevo, which means new.
Jessie: Sounds good. So how would we say a new book.
Javier: Un libro nuevo.
Jessie: How about some new books, plural
Javier: Unos libros nuevos. Notice there is an S.
Jessie: Great. So those are the masculine forms. How would we say - A new table.
Javier: Una mesa nueva.
Jessie: How about - Some new tables, plural
Javier: Unas mesas nuevas. Notice there is an S.
Jessie: All right. Now let’s have the listeners repeat those phrases, a new book
Javier: Un libro nuevo.
Jessie: Some new books
Javier: Unos libros nuevos.
Jessie: A new table
Javier: Una mesa nueva.
Jessie: Some new tables
Javier: Unas mesas nuevas.

Outro

Jessie: So to recap, we learned about Spanish adjectives and how to create their plural and feminine forms
Javier: Yes.
Jessie: Well that’s all for this lesson.
Javier: Sí, es todo por hoy. Muchas gracias, hasta pronto.
Jessie: Bye everyone.
1. CHRISTINA: ¿Dónde está mi bolso? (hablando para ella misma)
2. AYA: ¿Cómo es?
3. CHRISTINA: Es rojo y grande.
4. AYA: ¿Es nuevo?
5. CHRISTINA: No, es bastante viejo.

Grammar

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