| Hello there, my friends from SpanishPod101.com, my name is Diego, and I'm Efraín. And in today's video, we're going to cover some verbs that can be used apart from “estar” with the gerund. Specifically, we're going to talk about the “perífrasis verbales.” So, enjoy this video! Woo! |
| So, the verbs in Spanish have three common endings. The first one is “AR,” such as “cantar” (to sing) or “amar” (to love). Okay, the next ending is “ER,” such as “comer” (to eat) or, another one, “correr” (to run). The next one is “IR,” for example, “vivir” (to live), “salir” (to go out). |
| Very good, nice. Now, the gerund, how is it formed? In order to form the gerund, we need to drop the endings and add something at the end. Therefore, for the verbs that end in “AR,” such as the verb “hablar” or “cantar,” we just need to drop the “AR” and then instead, adding “ando.” Therefore, the verbs convert to “hablando” or “cantando.” |
| That’s for the verbs that end in “AR.” For the verbs that end in “ER”, such as the verb “correr” or “comer,” you need to drop the “ER” and then add “iendo.” Therefore, the verb would be “comiendo” or “corriendo.” |
| Finally, we have the verbs that end in “IR.” Now, for these verbs, you need to do the same, you need to drop the “IR” and then just add in “iendo.” So, in the case of “vivir,” it will be “viviendo,” or even “salir,” it will be “saliendo.” |
| It is important to remember that the gerund could be either regular or irregular. In this video, we're just going to focus on the regular ones because the irregular ones and how to use properly the gerund is a topic for another video. Yeah. Okay, good. |
| Okay, so, we will just focus on present progressive in this video too. For this, you will have to use the auxiliary verb “estar.” For example, “yo estoy hablando,” “tú estas cantando,” “ellos están comiendo.” |
| So, in Mexico, you can use the synonym “estar” and “andar.” You can use either of them interchangeably. Okay, for example, “Diego está comiendo,” you can change the verb “estar” to “andar,” “Diego anda comiendo,” and it doesn't change the meaning. |
| Exactly. So, once again, the auxiliary verb could be either “estar” or “andar.” Very good. Now we have another subset of verbs that can be used with the gerund, and we call these a “perífrasis verbal”. And a “perífrasis verbal” basically is when you link together two verbs, but the meaning of the first verb changes completely. And we have another type of “perífrasis verbal” where the first verb is actually changed because of the gerund. Therefore, the course of the action of the first verb is changed. So, the gerund works kind of as an adverb. We will give you some examples of this to clarify. |
| Let's start with a “perífrasis verbal” where the verb changes its meaning. So, one of these is the verb “seguir,” which originally means to follow. Once again, the verb “seguir.” The verb “seguir” could be followed by a gerund and when this happens, when you mix, when you link together the verb “seguir” plus a gerund, the meaning now will be to keep doing something for a certain time. So, for example: |
| Efrain, ¿tú sigues estudiando? |
| Sí, sí sigo estudiando. |
| So here, you see, I'm not saying “Efrain, do you follow to study?” No, but rather “¿sigues estudiando?” means “Do you keep studying?” |
| Very good. Now we have another verb, and this verb is “llevar.” Okay, llevar. You can use this verb and its meaning is to bring or to take, depending on the context. But when you use it before a gerund, the meaning changes because in this case, it means that you have been doing something in a certain amount of time. For example: |
| Diego, ¿cuánto tiempo llevas practicando box? |
| Yo llevo practicando box cinco años. |
| I've been doing some boxing for five years. |
| Okay, very good, guys. Now we're going to show you another list of verbs, and, in this case, these are verbs that are changed due to the gerund. Therefore, the gerund works as a kind of an adverb, so it applied to how the action is being done or performed. So, there’s another type of verbs that can be used with the gerund and these types of verbs are modified because of this gerund, so they are modified in the course of the action, okay. They don't change the meaning itself, but they change how they are being done, okay, the course of the action. |
| So, for example, one of these verbs is “continuar.” For example: |
| Efrain, ¿continuas viendo la telenovela Rubí? |
| Sí, claro, voy en el capítulo doscientos treinta y cinco. |
| What? That’s a very long telenovela. |
| It's fun. |
| Okay, okay. The next one is “empezar.” Let's go to an example: |
| Diego, ¿recuerdas cuando en esa fiesta de Ricardo empecé pidiéndole unos tragos a la chava? |
| Sí, fue una pésima estrategia esa. |
| No, no soy muy bueno en eso, tal vez algún día mejore. |
| Pésima estrategia. |
| Okay, guys, so the next one is “acabar,” which originally means to finish or to end, to end up. For example: |
| Efrain, ¿recuerdas cuando fuimos al karaoke y terminamos cantando todas las canciones de Luis Miguel? |
| Claro, fue muy divertido. |
| Super divertido. |
| The next one is “venir.” For example: |
| Diego, el otro día fui con Hugo hacia la escuela y en todo el camino venía repitiendo sus líneas para la exposición. |
| A veces Hugo puede ser muy fastidioso. |
| Ah, lo es. |
| Okay, okay. The last verb here is “ir.” And once again, “ir,” which means to go, could be mixed with a gerund. Let's see an example: |
| Efrain, tengo mucha hambre, ¿por qué no vamos corriendo a la tienda y compramos algo para comer? |
| Vamos. |
| Yeah, why not. |
| That's it for today, my friends of SpanishPod101.com. And please let us know if you like this video, write your comments down below, give us your thumbs up, of course, subscribe to this channel if you haven't done it yet. See you in our next video. Hasta luego, guys. |
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